Una intervista che prova a ricorrere la deinstituzionalizzazione del manicomio: l'esperienza diretta dell’istituzione totale; la sua chiusura; l'invenzione di nuove pratiche e nuove istituzioni; fino al precipizio del nostro presente.
Un análisis crítico sobre la relación entre salud comunitaria y sistema nacional de salud, atención primaria y salud pública.
We published these notes in the Special Issue of Ephemera Journal, Theory & Politics in Organisation, "Repair Matters". Here, we shared the questions and challenges around care and health that emerged in our research project, with a specific emphasis on the common ethics of emancipation in institutional critique. We asked ourselves how institutions are caring for the people in our critical present and toward a horizon of change.
Last year, the Scottish magazine “The Drouth” and “Vessel Art Project” asked us to share some reflections about our research, Entering Outside, as a multi-site and multi-format dialogue among critical practices of healing and caring in the south of Europe.
A petición de Cristina Vega, que estaba compilando un libro sobre las intersecciones entre cuidados, comunidad y común, tradujimos al castellano extractos de una entrevista que Giovanna Gallio le realiza a Franco Rotelli sobre el sistema sanitario triestino, así como un Manifiesto por la ciudad social, como ese horizonte que inspira la práctica sanitaria de las Microáreas.
There are different models: on one side Trieste, with an extraordinary accumulation of knowledge and experience in the field of health, which is currently confronted with the national restriction of welfare, with political and administrative interlocutors that aren’t especially friendly, and recently with the social situation in which we lack movements that might allow us to play in new ways with the relationship between the inside and the outside of the institutions; on the other side there are the Greek experiences, which are extraordinarily capable of innovation in the field of what Rotelli calls the “contraptions”, the “artefacts”, the “engineering”. However, these kinds of experiences are born and develop out of absolute emergencies, so their longevity is always in question.
I am always astonished when I speak with a young doctor and I ask him what he does. And he explains it. If you ask him about the context in which a certain practice is enacted, either he knows nothing, or he refuses to know. Sometimes he has a vague notion of it. But there is nothing more overdetermined than what happens in the field of health: huge institutional assets, big economic interests, powerful professional corporations. And then there are the citizens as users of the services, who are what should matter in all this. There are enormous issues on a political, organisational, administrative and cultural level revolving around this doctor doing his work. But he is unaware of all of this.
Víctor González and Raquel Corral are, respectively, a building official and a care assistant at the Local Centre for Community Health in the district of San Blas. In these two videos, they describe how the district has been shaped since the fifties, and the work in health promotion and prevention that they carry out in the Local Centre, which is organised by programmes and community projects and is run by an interdisciplinary public health team.
Daniel García es médico de familia y comunitaria y coordina el proyecto Comunidades Activas en Salud en Madrid Salud (Ayuntamiento de Madrid). En él, vecinos y profesionales de tres distritos se preguntan cómo interviene la institución en cuestiones de salud y cómo dialoga con el territorio. El proyecto trata de poner en el centro a las personas a las que normalmente se sitúa en los márgenes (personas “en riesgo de exclusión social”). Siguiendo el hilo de Juan Luis, Daniel explica cómo en la actualidad hay un movimiento de recuperación discursiva de la participación comunitaria inspirado en la década de 1980. Sin embargo, falta reflexión con respecto a qué es la comunidad y cómo intervenimos ¿en?, ¿con?, ¿para?, ella. Este cuestionamiento centra reflexiones clave en el proyecto de Comunidades Activas en Salud, en concreto en cuanto a la asimetría de poder en las relaciones entre profesionales y gente. Partiendo de estas preocupaciones, Daniel pregunta a Trieste sobre la figura de los referentes de Micro Área: ¿cómo desde la institución se apoya a una figura que la impugna? ¿y cómo hace esa figura para no suplantar a la comunidad?
Sari Massiotta. Whether it is possible or not to rethink territorial health care policies and care practices from within the institutions today depends principally upon the institutions’ own ability to put themselves at risk: to move through urban life and the perception of the forms of social life that articulate care. Instead of trying to make life orderly and reify health through technical assistance, the workers would become fellow-residents articulating an internal tension, critical of the public institutions’ capacity to act.
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